帮我写一个The Contrastive Study on the English and Chinese Expressions in Refusing or Declining 英汉拒绝语的对比研究 要求有Abstract、Key words（关键词是题目中的词语，短语3-5句）、有标题（一级标题）和二级标题，二级标题包括 1. Introduction 2.Literature review 3.Research design 4.Analysis 5.Conclusion 6

Title: The Contrastive Study on the English and Chinese Expressions in Refusing or Declining Abstract: This study explores the differences and similarities between English and Chinese expressions used in refusal contexts. By analyzing various linguistic strategies employed in both languages, it aims to provide insights into cultural nuances and politeness principles that shape refusal discourse. The study employs a contrastive analysis approach to compare authentic data collected from native speakers of both languages. The findings suggest that while there are commonalities in the basic structure of refusals, the linguistic realization and contextual factors significantly differ across cultures. Keywords: English expressions, Chinese expressions, Refusing, Declining, Contrastive study 1. Introduction 1.1 Background of the Study 1.2 Research Purpose 1.3 Significance of the Study 2. Literature Review 2.1 Studies on English Refusal Strategies 2.2 Studies on Chinese Refusal Strategies 2.3 Cross-Cultural Studies on Refusals 2.4 Gap in Previous Research 3. Research Design 3.1 Research Questions 3.2 Data Collection Methods 3.3 Participants and Sampling Procedures 3.4 Data Analysis Techniques 4. Analysis 4.1 Comparative Analysis of English and Chinese Refusal Strategies 4.1.1 Direct vs. Indirect Strategies 4.1.2 Contextual Influence on Refusal Realization 4.1.3 Politeness Strategies in English and Chinese 4.2 Cultural Influences on Refusal Expressions 4.2.1 Face Concept in English and Chinese Refusals 4.2.2 Social Hierarchy and Power Relations 4.3 Examples of Refusal Expressions in Different Contexts 4.3.1 Business Settings 4.3.2 Social Interactions 4.3.3 Educational Environments 5. Conclusion 5.1 Summary of Findings 5.2 Implications of the Study 5.3 Limitations of the Study 5.4 Recommendations for Future Research Note: This outline provides a structured framework for your thesis or research paper. Each section should include detailed information relevant to the topic, with supporting evidence and examples where applicable. The analysis section should delve into specific linguistic features and cultural aspects that influence how refusals are expressed in English and Chinese. The conclusion should synthesize the main points of the study and offer potential avenues for further investigation.