浅析铁路桥梁的基本危害和解决办法的论文

摘要 铁路桥梁是铁路建设的重要组成部分，在实现铁路交通运行的过程中发挥着重要作用。然而，由于外界的各种因素，如地形、气候、地震、材料及加工工艺的不合理使用，以及使用年限过久等原因，对铁路桥梁安全性能造成了一定的影响。本文就此对目前存在的危害问题进行分析：1. 地形危害;2. 材料危害;3. 加工工艺危害;4. 维修保养不及时;5. 使用年限过久。最后，依据上述危机因素总结出一些相应的解决办法来努力减少和避免上述问题带来的不利影响。 关键词: 铁路桥梁, 地形, 材料, 加工, 维修保养 Introduction Railway bridges are an important part of railway construction and play an important role in the realization of railway traffic operation. However, due to various external factors such as terrain, climate, earthquakes, unreasonable use of materials and processing technology, and excessive service life of bridges have a certain impact on the safety performance of railway bridges. In this paper, the existing hazards are analyzed from five aspects: 1) terrain hazards; 2) material hazards; 3) processing technology hazards; 4) maintenance not timely enough; 5) service life too long. Finally corresponding solutions are summarized according to the above crisis factors to reduce and avoid the adverse effects brought by these problems as much as possible. 1 Terrain Hazard The terrain hazard refers to that when building railway bridges on uneven ground or in mountainous areas with complex geological conditions or in areas prone to landslides or mudslides due to improper selection of bridge site locations or engineering designs will cause instability of bridge structures during operation and even collapse accidents which will bring huge losses for both personnel safety and property safety . Therefore it is necessary to carry out comprehensive investigation before engineering construction including geological survey hydrological survey geotechnical survey etc so as to select reasonable bridge sites reduce geological disasters caused by terrain factors improve engineering quality ensure safe operation . 2 Material Hazard The material hazard refers to that when using inferior materials for bridge construction due to improper selection there may be hidden dangers such as corrosion fatigue cracking creep deformation etc which may lead to failure accidents such as collapse fracture deformation etc . Therefore it is necessary for engineers engaged in bridge design construction and maintenance should choose suitable materials according to their own conditions pay attention not only their strength but also their durability so that they can guarantee the safe operation of bridges over a long period time . 3 Processing Technology Hazard The processing technology hazard refers that if improper processing techniques are used during manufacturing process there will be welding slag spatter incomplete penetration poor welding position wrong welding sequence etc which can easily lead serious accidents such as fracture fatigue cracking deformation etc thus affecting normal operation . Therefore it is necessary for engineers engaged in bridge design construction and maintenance should strictly control each process according quality standards pay attention not only their strength but also their accuracy so that they can guarantee the safe operation of bridges over a long period time . 4 Maintenance Not Timely Enough Maintenance not timely enough means that if regular maintenance inspection is not carried out regularly due aging wear corrosion fatigue cracking creep deformation etc may occur severely affect normal use thus leading serious accidents such as fracture collapse deformation etc therefore it is necessary for engineers engaged in bridge design construction and maintenance should carry out regular inspection on all parts pay attention not only their strength but also their accuracy so that they can guarantee the safe operation of bridges over a long period time . 5 Service Life Too Long Service life too long means that if railroads are used beyond its designed lifetime its structure may become aging wear corrosion fatigue cracking creep deformation etc which may lead failure accidents such as fracture collapse deformation thus affecting normal use therefore it is necessary for engineers engaged in bridge design construction and maintenance should judge whether railroads need replacing or repairing based on its actual condition pay attention not only their strength but also its age so that they can guarantee the safe operation of bridges over a long period time . Conclusion