What is Nathanial Hawthorne’s black vision on literary writing?

Nathaniel Hawthorne's black vision on literary writing was rooted in the Puritan history of New England and reflected his view of sin, guilt, and morality. He believed that even the most seemingly innocent action could be corrupted by human nature and society. He explored these themes in his writing, creating characters who were often burdened with a deep sense of guilt and moral ambiguity. Hawthorne also employed allegory to criticize the strict religious values that dominated American society during his time.