跨文化视角下美国人对亚洲女性的刻板印象—以亚裔妆为例的文献综述

摘要：本文旨在通过文献综述的方式，从跨文化的视角来考察美国人对亚洲女性的刻板印象。首先，本文将介绍了关于亚裔妆、刻板印象及其形成机制的相关文献；然后，本文将重点探讨了媒体在形成及传播刻板印象中所扮演的重要作用；最后，本文将总结出一些可行的建议以促进两国之间多样性和包容性。 Introduction In the era of globalization, people from different cultural backgrounds are increasingly interacting with each other, which inevitably leads to the formation of stereotypes. Among them, Asian women's stereotypical image has become a hot topic in recent years. This article aims to review the literature on American people's stereotype of Asian women through a cross-cultural perspective, with a focus on Asian makeup as an example. Literature Review Asian makeup has been studied extensively in both academic and popular literature. From an academic perspective, scholars have discussed how Asian makeup is perceived by Americans and how it contributes to the formation of stereotypes about Asian women (Chang et al., 2019; Chen et al., 2016; Lee & Kim, 2018). According to Chang et al. (2019), Americans tend to perceive Asian makeup as “exotic” and “artificial” due to its bright colors and heavy application. As a result, they often associate it with negative traits such as being “fake” or “overly sexualized” (Chang et al., 2019). In addition, Chen et al. (2016) argued that American media plays an important role in reinforcing these stereotypes by portraying Asian women as submissive and exotic objects for male pleasure. This contributes to creating a distorted perception of what constitutes beauty for Asians among Americans (Chen et al., 2016). On the other hand, popular literature has also focused on this topic from different angles. For instance, several articles have discussed how some Western celebrities have appropriated elements from traditional Chinese or Korean makeup styles without proper acknowledgement or appreciation (Lau & Park 2020; Park 2020; Zhao 2020). These articles point out that while Westerners may admire certain aspects of these styles without understanding their cultural significance or history behind them (Lau & Park 2020), this can lead to further stereotyping and objectification of Asians as exotic objects for Western consumption (Park 2020). Conclusion This paper reviewed literature related to American people's stereotype towards Asian women through a cross-cultural perspective with a focus on Asian makeup as an example. It was found that Americans tend to perceive traditional forms of Asian makeup as “exotic” and even “fake” due partly because they are unfamiliar with its cultural background or significance behind it. Furthermore, media plays an important role in reinforcing these stereotypes by portraying Asians as submissive objects for male pleasure instead of real human beings capable of making their own decisions about beauty standards or self-expression methods like makeup choices . To promote diversity and inclusion between cultures , there needs be more education about different cultures' values , beliefs , customs , norms , etc . Additionally , more efforts should be made by mainstream media outlets when representing non - western cultures .